It gives greenish blue colour light, which causes colour distortion. This is the only kind of mercury vapor lamp that can be connected directly to the. Types of lamps suhail tp mes collage of engineering 2. We have a wide selection of lamps including xelogen, fluorescent, xenon, and mercury vapor. The basic principle behind the working of sodium vapor lamp is passing electric current through sodium gas to make the gas emit light. Other materials and gases are used to help start the lamp or control its color. At the heart of the lamp is an arc tube which is fabricated from quartz, with a. Pdf on mercury vapor lamps and their effect on the smart. Most can be dimmed but at a higher cost than dimming incandescent lamps. Hot restrike of 250 w self ballasted mercury vapor lamp duration. The mercury lamp was the first kind of metal vapour light source that was mass. See the photos lower on this page for more details.
Despite their drop in popularity, however, these lamps are one of the most dependable. Mercury vapor lamps are the oldest highintensity discharge lamps in existence, although they are rapidly becoming outmoded by highpressure sodium, metal halide and fluorescent lamps. In case of fluorescent lamp the mercury vapour pressure is maintained. A fluorescent lamp is a low weight mercury vapour lamp that uses fluorescence to deliver visible light. Therefore, most mercury vapor lamps have a phosphor coating that alters the color and improves color rendering to some extent. Lowpressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but their yellow light restricts applications to outdoor lighting, such as street lamps, where they are widely used. An electric current in the gas energizes mercury vapor which delivers ultraviolet radiation through discharge process and the ultraviolet radiation causes the phosphor coating of the lamp inner wall to radiate visible light. Semiconductors are characterized by two types of mobile carriers, electrons in the conduction band and holes in the valence band. In a vacuum lamp, the blackening oc curs rather evenly over the entire. A mercury vapour lamp is a highpressure electric arc discharge lamp that. The common fluorescent lamp is actually a lowpressure mercury arc lamp. Working principle of uv lamps uv lamps, ultroviolet, uvc.
Mercuryvapor lamp a gasdischarge light source in which an electric. A mercury vapor lamp is a type of high intensity discharge hid lamp that is predominantly used for commercial and outdoor lighting. Advantages and applications of mercury vapor lamps eye. The mercury lamp was the first kind of metal vapour light source that was mass produced for general lighting applications, and still today it remains one of the most popular discharge lamps produced globally. You often tend to see sodium vapor lamps along the roads and parking spaces.
In case of fluorescent lamp the mercury vapour pressure is maintained at lower level such that 60% of the total input energy gets converted into 253. The mercury vapor lamp produces a bluish white light by introducing an electric current to mercury vapor within a sealed glass tube. Despite their drop in popularity, however, these lamps are one of the most dependable forms of both indoor and outdoor lighting. Among the light sources in use for general lighting, high pressure mercury vapour h. I believe it is important information, so please read it. It includes information on the total amount of mercury in all lamp products that were sold in the u. The electric current excites the mercury vapor in the tube, generating radiant energy, primarily. As a result of normal evaporation of the filament, tungsten par ticles are deposited on the inner surface of a lamp bulb. Mercury vapor lamps were the first high intensity discharge lamps to be commercially available for a wide variety of lighting applications. They generate light by sending an electrical charge through a gas to produce a plasma. Temperature optimum hg vapor pressure the cold spot hg vapor pressure control 9090 region 4. Mercury lamps are used primarily for general street, parking and hibay industrial lighting applications where good efficiency and long life is desired and.
Developed in the 1960s, they are similar to mercury vapor lamps, but contain additional metal halide compounds in the quartz arc tube. All highintensitydischarge lamps produce light from an arc tube that is usually contained in an outer glass bulb. Find details of companies offering mercury vapour lamps at best price. The outer bulb may be clear or coated with a phosphor. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, which produces shortwave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp to glow. If we cover the eye up with a back cover of plastic after a day it will come on. The gas in this case is sodium vapour, but several other gases may be such as mercury, ne. Mercury vapour lamp article about mercury vapour lamp by. In the present book, dealing with the whole field of high pressure mercury. A fluorescent lamp, or fluorescent tube, is a lowpressure mercuryvapor gasdischarge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. Mercury vapor lamps street light electromagnetic spectrum.
The extensive use of the mercury vapor lamp depends entirely upon the versatility of the mercury vapor as regards pressure, temperature, voltage and other characteristics, each change resulting in a lamp of different spectral quality and efficiency. On mercury vapor lamps and their effect on the smartgrid. Fluorescent lamp and working principle of fluorescent lamp. There are several versions of the lamp but the basic principle is the same. In some versions, fluorescent powder is applied that converts the ultraviolet part, which is emitted together with visible light, into visible light to improve the color. A mercuryvapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized. Mercury vapour pressure is typically around five atmospheres and the discharge dissipates between 10 and 100 watts per.
It is a type of highintensity discharge hid gas discharge lamp. Wear gloves if picking up broken fluorescent lamp fragments. Mercury vapor lighting is the oldest hid technology. Illustration of the components of a fluorescent lamp and how they work. Uv medium pressure mercury vapour lamps these uv lamps, emit across the entire spectrum of ultraviolet light uva, uvb and uvc with peak emission. I hope that it will clear up some things for the thinking people. The mercury arc produces a bluish light that renders colors poorly. Mercury vapour at high pressure give intense lines on continuous background above 350nm. Mercury use in lighting this fact sheet summarizes the use of mercury in lighting devices, such as fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge hid lamps e. All credits and sources are located at the bottom of each lighting page. A sodiumvapor lamp is a gasdischarge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm two varieties of such lamps exist. When sufficient voltage is applied and sufficient current is supplied between the electrodes, the lamp produces an orange glow discharge.
Our online selection also includes things, such as indoor and outdoor wiring, time clocks, and photocells. Mercury vapor is the original and now the oldest hid technology and has been supplanted by other hid types that offer higher efficiencies and better color properties. The mercury vapor ballast wiring diagram is the blueprint for the ballast circuitry, including the input supply voltage and grounding methods. Method of manufacturing electric lamps operating on the glow discharge principle. Within the tube are two electrode coils, one at either end. Used good condition hl400mncg to suit 1 x 400w mercury vapour lamp 240v 50hz 1. The arc discharge is generally confined to a small fused quartz arc tube mounted within a larger borosilicate glass bulb. Pdf on mercury vapor lamps and their effect on the smartgrid plc.
Working principle of mercury vapor lamp polytechnic hub. The lamp is constructed from a hollow glass tube with an aluminium cap at each end. Such lamps generate an atmosphere of mercury vapour at high pressure. He would create an arc through a metal, then observe what colors it produced when a prism. A metalhalide lamp is an electrical lamp that produces light by an electric arc through a gaseous mixture of vaporized mercury and metal halides compounds of metals with bromine or iodine. Mercury vapor lamps a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized mercury to produce light first high intensity discharge lamps to be commercially available. In these lamps, a material, such as sodium, mercury, or metal halide, is added to the arc tube. Construction of fluorescent lamp working principle of a tube light. Fluorescent lamps contain a small amount of mercury. Bob maccargar ive been meaning to write this for some time. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the mercury. Mercury use in lighting summarizes the use of mercury in lighting devices, such as.
Pdf the mercury vapor lamp is the oldest high intensity discharge technology lamp that uses an. This article will provide details on the working, construction, and applications of the mercury vapour lamp. The mercury vapor lamp is a high intensity discharge lamp. Mercury vapour, at high pressure, is filled inside a glass. Hg vapour lamp operating circuit with highvoltage starter. This is different from fluorescents which use the mercury vapor arc to create a weaker light that mainly creates uv light to excite the phosphors. A mercuryvapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized mercury to produce light. A fluorescent lamp converts electrical energy into useful light much more efficiently. The lamp typically consists of a small glass capsule that contains a mixture of neon and other gases at a low pressure and two electrodes an anode and a cathode. The mercury vapour lamp the museum of electric lamp technology. Low pressure mercury vapour uv lamps home study factors the pressure of several tons, low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, while the reaction of mercury mainly 184.
This was the first commercial kind of mercury lamp which was mass produced for general lighting. Information from its description page there is shown below. It was the first metal vapor style of light fixture to be mass produced for general lighting. Special dimming ballasts and dimming controls are required. Mercury vapor lamp definition of mercury vapor lamp by. Sodium vapour lights are a type of gasdischarge lamp. These lamps ma type are manufactured in 250 and 400 w ratings for use on 200250 v ac supply. The mercury vapour lamp in construction is similar to sodium vapour lamp. In europe it has fallen out of fashion due to its relative inefficiency and rapid lumen depreciation by contrast with other light sources. Electrical articles 8 may 18 the extensive use of the mercury vapor lamp depends entirely upon the versatility of the mercury vapor as regards pressure, temperature, voltage and other characteristics, each change resulting in a lamp of different spectral quality and. Lamp that produces light as a result of an electrical discharge, generated between two electrodes, in a highpressure mercury vapor that is contained in a transparent bulb.
Light emitting diode led working principle duration. A neon lamp also neon glow lamp is a miniature gas discharge lamp. It uses an arc through vaporized mercury in a high pressure tube to create very bright light directly from its own arc. Mercury vapour lamps dealing with breakages some items of laboratory equipment contain mercury vapour lamps to generate uv light. Theory and applications for narrowband and broadband. We take great pride in giving customers the right product for their home or business. Mercury vapour lamps operating at medium pressure and with arc tubes of aluminosilicate hard glass are classified as the ma style. Light sources incandescent lamp discharge lamp florescent lamp sodium lamp high pressure mercury vapour lamp 3.
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